Oral Presentation

¹Hassan Ibrahim Mohamed; ¹Nashaat Abdullah Ali; ²Ebtehal Atif Abd El-Hafez

¹Civil engineering department, Assiut university

²Civil engineering department, Sphinx university

Population growth, limited available water resources, climate changes and many other socio-economic conditions are rapidly increasing the gap between fresh water supplies and demands in many arid zones countries. To decrease this gap, water conservation and reuse practices should be applied. One of these practices is grey water reuse in non-potable purposes. Greywater is the less polluted domestic wastewater that is produced from baths, showers, hand basins, dishwashers, washing machines, and kitchen sinks, but excludes streams from toilets. Grey water contains 90% less nitrogen and little pathogens than black water sewage generated from toilets. Many Countries along the world began reusing grey water on a large scale, however its use in Egypt as non-conventional source of water for various non-potable purposes is limited. In the current research, opportunities and challenges of grey water reuse in Egypt that possibly decrease the pressure on fresh water supplies will be discussed. It was found that support and encouragement is needed for greywater reuse, particularly through developing clear regulations, technical specifications and many incentives for sustainable reuse of grey water. . Economic methods for grey water treatment are discussed. Cost-benefit analysis is done for grey water reuse. Also, current treated reuse projects in Egypt have been highlighted.

grey water; treatment; guidelines; challenges; opportunities

Water Resources and Environmental Engineering